(sold for $136.0)

1590, Philip II of Spain. Silver 4 Reales Cob Coin. Rare & Unlisted Date! VF!

Mint Year: 1590 Mint Place: Toledo (oT) Denomination: 4 Reales Assayer: (M within circle) Ruler: Philip II (Felipe II) of Spain. Reference: X Calico Type 277, 415 var. (there only 1591 and 1592 listed!) Condition: Minor marks on edge, scattered contact-marks, scratches on edge, otherwise a well-circulated VF! Weight: 11.39gm Diameter: 33mm Material: Silver

Obverse: Cross potent within polylobe. Lions and castles (arms of Castile & Leon) within quarters. All within beaded circle. Legend: + HISP[ANIARVM...]

Reverse: Crowned Spanish coat-of-arms. Date ([15]9o) to right, mint initial (oT) and assayer mark (M wihtin circle) to left. Legend: [PHILI]PPVS ° II ° DEI G[RATIA...]

For your consideration a rare spanish silver 4 reales cob coin, struck during 1590 at the Toledo mint under Philip II of Spain. A rare and  important, fully identified, dated   and 100% authentic  cob coin!

Philip II (Spanish: Felipe II de Habsburgo; Portuguese: Filipe I)   (May 21, 1527 – September 13, 1598) was King of Spain from 1556 until   1598, King of Naples and Sicily from 1554 until 1598, king consort of   England (as husband of Mary I) from 1554 to 1558, Lord of the Seventeen   Provinces (holding various titles for the individual territories, such   as Duke or Count) from 1556 until 1581, King of Portugal and the   Algarves (as Philip I) from 1580 until 1598 and King of Chile from 1554   until 1556. He was born in Valladolid and was the only legitimate son of   Holy Roman Emperor Charles V.

Under Philip II, Spain reached the peak of its power.   Having nearly reconquered the rebellious Netherlands, Philip's   unyielding attitude led to their loss, this time permanently, as his   wars expanded in scope and complexity. So, in spite of the great and   increasing quantities of gold and silver flowing into his coffers from   the American mines, the riches of the Portuguese spice trade and the   enthusiastic support of the Habsburg dominions for the   Counter-Reformation, he would never succeed in suppressing Protestantism   or defeating the Dutch rebellion. Early in his reign, the Dutch might   have laid down their weapons if he had desisted in trying to suppress   Protestantism, but his devotion to Catholicism and the principle of   cuius regio, eius religio, as laid down by his father, would not permit   him to do so. He was a devout Catholic and exhibited the typical 16th   century disdain for religious heterodoxy.

One of the long-term consequences of his striving to   enforce Catholic orthodoxy through an intensification of the Inquisition   was the gradual smothering of Spain's intellectual life. Students were   barred from studying elsewhere and books printed by Spaniards outside   the kingdom were banned. Even a highly respected churchman like   Archbishop Carranza, was jailed by the Inquisition for seventeen years   for publishing ideas that seemed sympathetic in some degree to   Protestant reformism. Such strict enforcement of orthodox belief was   successful and Spain avoided the religiously inspired strife tearing   apart other European dominions, but this came at a heavy price in the   long run, as her great academic institutions were reduced to third rate   status under Philip's successors.

However, Philip II's reign can hardly be   characterized as a failure. He consolidated Spain's overseas empire,   succeeded in massively increasing the importation of silver in the face   of English, Dutch and French privateers, and ended the major threat   posed to Europe by the Ottoman navy (though peripheral clashes would be   ongoing). He succeeded in uniting Portugal and Spain through personal   union. He dealt successfully with a crisis that could have led to the   secession of Aragon. His efforts also contributed substantially to the   success of the Catholic Counter-Reformation in checking the religious   tide of Protestantism in Northern Europe.

The Philippines, a former Spanish colony, are named in his honor.

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