4 Real    (sold for $207.0)

1778, Bolivia, Charles III. Colonial 4 Reales (Spanish ½ Bust Dollar) Coin. R! This currency was legal tender in the USA until 1857!

Mint Year: 1778 Mint Place: Potosi Reference: 1778-PR, KM-54. R! Denomination: 4 Reales (Spanish ½ Bust Dollar) Condition: Light scratches in obverse fields, otherwise a nicely toned XF! Weight: 13.20gm Diameter: 34mm Material: Silver

Obverse: Early laureate, draped and cuirassed profile bust of Charles III right. Legend: CAROLUS . III . DEI . GRATIA . 1778 . Translation: "Charles III by the Grace of God, 1778"

Reverse: Crowned Spanish arms* between the Pillars of Hercules adorned with PLVS VLTRA motto. Legend: .HISPAN[IARUM].ET IND[IARUM].REX.Potosi[in Monogram].4R [EALES] P.R.[Assayer Initials] Translation: "King of the Spains and the Indies, Potosi, 4 reales".

The Spanish dollar (also known as the piece of eight, the real de a ocho, or the eight real coin) is a silver coin, worth eight reales, that was minted in the Spanish Empire after a Spanish currency reform of 1497. It was legal tender in the United States until an Act of the United States Congress discontinued the practice in 1857. Through widespread use in Europe, the Americas and the Far East, it became the first world currency by the late 18th century. Many existing currencies, such as the Canadian dollar, United States dollar and the Chinese yuan, as well as currencies in Latin America and the Philippines peso were initially based on the Spanish dollar and other 8 reales coins.

*Details on the Spanish Arms: arms of Castile and León, with Granada in base and an inescutcheon of Anjou.

Charles III (January 20, 1716 – December 14, 1788) was King of Spain 1759–88 (as   Carlos III), King of Naples and Sicily 1735–59 (as Carlo VII and Carlo   V), and Duke of Parma 1732–35 (as Carlo I). He was a proponent of enlightened absolutism.

On August 10, 1759, his half-brother Ferdinand VI of Spain died, and Charles III left the Neapolitan/Sicilian dominions to go to Madrid. His second son   would eventually rule in Spain as Charles IV. His third son would unify   the Kingdom of Naples and Kingdom of Sicily to form the Kingdom of the   Two Sicilies and ruled as Ferdinand.

As king of Spain, his foreign policy was marked by   the alliance with France (the Family Compacts) and the conflict with   Britain over the control of the American possessions. His support for   France in the close of the Seven Years' War led to the loss of Florida   to the British, although this was partly compensated by the acquisition   of the French Louisiana. The rivalry with Britain also led him to   support the American revolutionaries in their War of Independence   despite his misgivings about the example it would set for the Spanish   Colonies. During the war, Spain recovered Minorca and Florida, but   failed to capture Gibraltar.

His internal government was, on the whole, beneficial   to the country. He began by compelling the people of Madrid to give up   emptying their slops out of the windows, and when they objected he said   they were like children who cried when their faces were washed. In 1766,   his attempt to force the madrileños to adopt the French dress for public security reasons was the excuse for a riot (Motín de Esquilache)   during which he did not display much personal courage. For a long time   after, he remained at Aranjuez, leaving the government in the hands of   his minister Pedro Pablo Abarca de Bolea, Count of Aranda. Not all his   reforms were of this formal kind.

Charles was a thorough despot of the benevolent   order, and had been deeply offended by the real or suspected share of   the Jesuits in the riot of 1766. He therefore consented to the expulsion   of the order, and was then the main advocate for its suppression. His   quarrel with the Jesuits, and the recollection of some disputes with the   Pope he had had when King of Naples turned him towards a general policy   of restriction of what he saw as the overgrown power of the Church. The   number of reputedly idle clergy, and more particularly of the monastic   orders, was reduced, and the Spanish Inquisition, though not abolished,   was rendered torpid.In the meantime, much antiquated legislation which   tended to restrict trade and industry was abolished; roads, canals and   drainage works were established. Many of his paternal ventures led to   little more than waste of money, or the creation of hotbeds of jobbery;   yet on the whole the country prospered. The result was largely due to   the king, who even when he was ill-advised did at least work steadily at   his task of government. He created the Spanish Lottery and introduced   Christmas cribs following Neapolitan models. During his reign, the   movement to found "Economic Societies" (a rough prototype Chamber of   Commerce) was born.

His example was not without effect on some of the   nobles. In his domestic life King Charles was regular, and was a   considerate master, though he had a somewhat caustic tongue and took a   rather cynical view of humanity. He was passionately fond of hunting.   During his later years he had some trouble with his eldest son and   daughter-in-law. If Charles had lived to see the beginning of the French   Revolution he would probably have been frightened into reaction. As he   died on the 14th of December 1788 he left the reputation of a   philanthropic and philosophic king, still nicknamed "el rey alcalde"   ("the king mayor") because of the public works in Madrid. In spite of   his hostility to the Jesuits, his dislike of friars in general, and his   jealousy of the Spanish Inquisition, he was a very sincere Roman   Catholic. Charles was responsible for granting the title "Royal   University" to the University of Santo Tomas in Manila which is the   oldest in Asia.