1880s-1901, France (3rd Republic). Silver "Emulation Society of Cambrai" Medal.
Mint Place: Paris Condition: A nice XF! Mint Period: ca. 1880s-1901. Denomination: Octagonal Medal - Emulation Society of Cambrai. Diameter: 30mm Weight: 8.96gm Material: Silver
Obverse: Illuminated inscription "Fénélon" scattering clouds with it´s light. Latin motto above. Legend: HONOS ALIT ARTES ("Honours and nurtures arts.") Reverse: Inscription in four lines. Exergue: SOCIÉTÉ D'ÉMULATION DE CAMBRAI Translated: "Emulation Society of Cambrai."
Founded in 1804 , recognized as being of public utility in 1921, the Société d'Émulation de Cambrai's statutory object is to contribute to the progress of science, letters and the arts and to the encouragement of good.
In emulation learning, subjects learn about parts of their environment and use this to achieve their own goals and is an observational learning mechanism (sometimes called social learning mechanisms).
In this context, emulation was first coined by child psychologist David Wood in 1988. In 1990 "emulation" was taken up by Michael Tomasello to explain the findings of an earlier study on ape social learning. The meaning of the term emulation has changed gradually over time.
Emulation is different from imitation - because emulation focuses on the action's environmental results instead of a model's action themselves. The fidelity of an observational learning mechanism is expected to have profound implications for its capacity for cultural transmission. Emulation is argued by some to produce only fleeting fidelity - though this is still being discussed.
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anonymous 2021-11-24 |