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1622, Swiss Cantons, St. Gallen. Large Silver Thaler Coin. Cleaned VF-XF!

Mint Year: 1622 Denomination: Thaler Reference: Davenport 4677, KM-61. Mint Place: St. Gallen (Saint Gall, Switzerland) Condition: A small planchet defect in reverse, cleaned, a few scratches, otherwise VF-XF for tpye! Weight: 28.30gm Diameter: 41mm Material: Silver

Obverse: Bear, wearing jeweled collar, walking left within pearl border. Legend: MO . NO . CIVIT . SANGALLENSIS . 1622 * Reverse: Crown above nimbate heraldic double-headed eagle. Legend: SOLI * DEO * OPT : MAX : LAVS : ET * GLORIA

The origin of the bear as a symbol of St. Gallen comes from legend. According to folklore, when the Irish missionary Gallus decided to build a monastery near the river Steinach around AD 600, he encountered a hungry bear. Gallus fed the bear some bread, and, in return, the bear helped him gather wood for the building. In recognition of its importance in the founding of St. Gallen, the bear became a symbol of the town.

One   of the earliest mayors of St. Gallen may be among the most colorful,   Ulrich Varnbüler. Hans, the father of Ulrich, was prominent in city   affairs in St. Gallen, Switzerland, in the early 1400s. Ulrich made his   entry into public affairs in the early 1460's and gathered the various   offices and honors that are available to a talented and ambitious man.   He demonstrated fine qualities as field commander of the St. Gallen   troops in the Burgundian wars. In the battle of Grandson in 1476 he and   his troops were part of the advance units of the Confederation and took   part in their famous attack. (A large painting of Ulrich returning   triumphantly to a hero's welcome in St. Gallen can still be seen in St.   Gallen). After the war, he often represented St. Gallen at various   Confederation parliaments. In December of 1480 he was offered the   position of mayor for the first time. From that time on he served in   several leading city positions and was considered the intellectual and   political leader. According to Vadian, who understood his contemporaries   well, "Ulrich was a very intelligent, observant, and eloquent man who   enjoyed the trust of the citizenry to a high degree." His reputation   among the Confederates was also substantial. However, in the late 1480's   he became involved in a conflict that was to have serious negative   consequences for him and for the city of which he was mayor.

In   1463 Ulrich Rösch had assumed the management of the abbey of St. Gall.   He was an ambitious prelate, whose goal it was to raise the abbey by   every possible means to prominence again following the losses of the   Appenzell Wars. His restless ambitions offended the political and   material interests of his neighbors. When he arranged for the help of   the pope and the emperor to carry out a plan of moving the abbey to   Rorschach on Lake Constance, he encountered stiff resistance from the   St. Gallen citizenry, other clerics, and the Appenzell nobility in the   Rhine Valley who were concerned about their holdings. At this point,   Varnbüler entered the conflict against the prelate. He wanted to   restrict the increase of power in the abbey and simultaneously increase   the power of the town that had been restricted in its development. For   this purpose he established contact with farmers and Appenzell residents   (led by the fanatical Hermann Schwendiner) who were seeking an   opportunity to weaken the abbot. Initially, he protested to the abbot   and the representatives of the four sponsoring Confederate cantons   (Zürich, Lucerne, Schwyz, and Glarus) against the construction of the   new abbey in Rorschach. Then on July 28, 1489 he had armed troops from   St. Gallen and Appenzell destroy the buildings already under   construction. When the abbot complained to the Confederates about the   damages and demanded full compensation, Ulrich responded with a counter   suit and in cooperation with Schwendiner rejected the arbitration   efforts of the non-partisan Confederates. He motivated the clerics from   Wil to Rorschach to discard their loyalty to the abbey and spoke against   the abbey at the town meeting at Waldkirch, where the popular league   was formed. He was confident that the four sponsoring cantons would not   intervene with force, due to the prevailing tensions between the   Confederation and the Swabian League. He was strengthened in his resolve   by the fact that the people of St. Gallen elected him again to the   highest magistrate in 1490.

However, in early 1490 the four cantons decided to   carry out their duty to the abbey and to invade the St. Gallen canton   with an armed force. The people of Appenzell and the local clerics   submitted to this force without noteworthy resistance, while the city of   St. Gallen braced for a fight to the finish. However, when they learned   that their compatriots had given up the fight, they lost confidence;   the end result was that they concluded a peace pact that greatly   restricted the city's powers and burdened the city with serious   penalties and reparations payments. Ulrich, overwhelmed by the   responsibility for his political decisions, panicked in the face of the   approaching enemy who wanted him apprehended. His life was in great   danger, and he was forced to disguise himself as a messenger and escape   out of the city. He made his way to Lindau and to Innsbruck and the   court of King Maximilian. The victors confiscated those of his   properties that lay outside of the city of St. Gallen and banned him   from the confines of the Confederation. Ulrich then appealed to the   imperial court (as did Schwendiner, who had fled with him) for the   return of his property. The suit had the support of Friedrich II and   Maximilian and the trial would drag on for years. It was continued by   Ulrich's sons Hans and Ulrich after his death in 1496, and eventually   they regained the properties. However, other political ramifications   resulted from the court action, because the Confederation took ownership   of the city of St. Gallen and rejected the inroads of the empire. Thus   the conflict strengthened the relationship between the Confederation and   the city of St. Gallen. On the other hand the matter increased the   alienation between Switzerland and the German Empire, which would   eventually mean a total separation as a result of the Swabian War.

Varnbüler is further immortalized in a famous woodcut   by Albrecht Durer, which is part of the Smithsonian Institution's   woodcut collection(q.v.). Of the Varnbüler sons, the elder (Hans/Johann)   became the mayor of Lindau. He is the patriarch of the Baden and   Württemberg Varnbülers.

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Notes: https://www.ebay.com/itm/153822765033 2020-02-12

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Postato da: anonymous
2020-02-06
 
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