1 Ducat Salzburg Gold Count Hieronymus von Colloredo (1732 - 1812)

1782, Salzburg, Count Hieronymus Collerdo. Gold "Temple Ducat" Coin.

Mint Year: 1782
Mintage: Very low!
Mint place: Salzburg (Austria)
Mint Mark: M. (Franz Xavier Matzenkopf Jr.)
References: Friedberg 781, KM-452 . Very Rare!
Denomination: Pattern Ducat - 1200th Anniversary of the St. Peter´s Abbey!
Material: Gold (.986)
Diameter: 20.9mm
Weight: 3.49gm

Obverse: Bust of the Count right in clerical robes, titles as Archbishop, Prince of the Empire and Primate of Germany.
Legend: HIERONYMVS D.G. A. & P. S. A. S. L. N. G. PRIM. / M

Reverse: Divine light insied ancient temple with inscription (DOM) inside arc. Date in exergue.
Legend PRINCEPS POPULUSQ . IUVAVIENS:.
Exergue: SEC. IUB . XII / 1782

St Peter’s Archabbey, otherwise St Peter’s Abbey (Stift Sankt Peter) in Salzburg is a Benedictine monastery in Austria. It is considered one of the oldest monasteries in the German-speaking area, if not in fact the oldest.

The count is known as the first patron of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. He became exceptionally annoyed with Mozart’s frequent absences. After a number of arguments, he ultimately dismissed him with the words, "Mai er verlassen, ich nicht brauchen ihn!" ("May he leave, I don’t need him!"). Leopold Mozart stayed in Salzburg but "continued to bemoan the failure to replace musicians who had left or died, and the consequent shambles in the court music." Colloredo "sometimes played the violin in the court orchestra."

Count Hieronymus Joseph Franz de Paula Graf Colloredo von Wallsee und Melz (31 May 1732 in Vienna, Austria – 20 May 1812 in Vienna) was Prince-Bishop of Gurk from 1761 and Prince-Archbishop of Salzburg from 1771 until 1803, when the Archbishopric was secularized.

He was the second son of Count Rudolf Wenzel Joseph Colloredo von Wallsee und Melz (1706-1788), a high-ranking Imperial official. He was educated at the Theresian Military Academy, and served in various ecclesiastical appointments.

The Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg fell vacant in December 1771, and (with considerable pressure from the Imperial court in Vienna), he was elected Prince-Archbishop on 14 March 1772 on the 13th ballot. According to Clive (1993) "it was an unpopular choice in Salzburg whose citizens remained cool to him until the end."

Colloredo was the ruler of Salzburg at the time that the long-standing arrangement of placing this sovereign state under the rule of an Archbishop came to an end. On 12 December 1801, as French troops under Napoleon drew near to occupying the city, Colloredo fled the city, never to return. The political fate of Salzburg was first secularization (it was awarded to the Grand Duke of Tuscany, who had lost his state), then incorporation into Austria (1805), then Bavaria (1809), then permanently to Austria (1816). Colloredo remained the eccleciastical head of the diocese. According to Clive, "he was extremely autocratic and his dictatorial attitude at times provide the hostility of the cathedral chapter and of civic officials."