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1832, France, Hyacinteus Ludwig of Quelen (Archbishop of Paris). Cholera Epidemic Medal.

Mint Year: 1832 Medallist: Gayrard Condition: Minor scuffs and scratches in fields, otherwise XF! Denomination: Medal - Hyacinteus Ludwig of Quelen, Archbishop of Paris / Cholera Epidemic Weight: 24.91gm Diameter: 37mm Material: Bronze

Obverse: Bust of Hyacinteus Ludwig of Quelen, Archbishop of Paris. Exergue: HYACINTVS . LVD . DE QVELEN . ARCHIEPISCOPVS . PARISIENSIS . Exergue: GAYRARD . F .

Reverse: Seated archbishop on high platform blesses orphans and nurses, which are around him. Legend: ORPHANO . TV ERIS ADJVCTOR Exergo: CHOLERA . MORBO / INGRAVESCENTE / MDCCCXXXII .

The second cholera pandemic (1829–1849), also known as the Asiatic Cholera Pandemic, was a cholera pandemic that reached from India across western Asia to Europe, Great Britain and the Americas, as well as east to China and Japan. Cholera caused more deaths, more quickly, than any other epidemic disease in the 19th century. It is exclusively a human disease, and it can spread through many means of travel, such as by persons via caravan, ship, and aeroplanes. Cholera is known most popularly to spread through warm fecal-contaminated river waters and contaminated foods. The causative microorganisms (Cholera vibrio) flourish by reaching humans. It is treatable with oral re-hydration therapy and preventable with adequate sanitation and water treatment.

The epidemic reached Great Britain in December 1831: appearing in Sunderland, where it was carried by passengers on a ship from the Baltic. It also appeared in Gateshead and Newcastle. In London, the disease claimed 6,536 victims; in Paris, 20,000 died (out of a population of 650,000), with about 100,000 deaths in all of France. In 1832 the epidemic reached Russia (see Cholera Riots); Quebec, Ontario, and Nova Scotia, Canada; and Detroit and New York City in the United States. It reached the Pacific coast of North America between 1832 and 1834. The pandemic prompted the passage of the landmark Public Health Act and the Nuisances Removal Act in 1848 in England.

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